The invention discloses an ecological method for planting rice and culturing leeches, and belongs to the field of ecological culture of aquatic products. According to the method, rice planting basins are distributed in a culturing water body for whitmania pigra, the rice is planted in the basins, and submerged plants are planted around the culturing water body; the rice and the submerged plants continuously absorb organic matter and residual baits in the water body, inhibit the growth of the weeds and mosses in the culturing water body, and provide attachments for whitmania pigra; meanwhile, the rice shields sunlight to reduce water temperature, so that the leaches spend the high-temperature period conveniently and safely. According to the ecological method for planting the rice and culturing the leeches, by utilizing the mutualism relationships among the submerged plants, the rice and the leeches, the rice and the submerged plants are utilized to improve the growth environment of the leeches, the growth of whitmania pigra is promoted, the ecological and healthy culture of the rice and the leeches is achieved, and the economic and ecological benefits of culture are increased.