The invention discloses a pneumatic adjustable steering hub column structure. The pneumatic adjustable steering hub column structure comprises a first adjusting structure, a second adjusting structure and a pneumatic switch, wherein the first adjusting structure is used for adjusting a steering hub column in an up-and-down direction; the second adjusting structure is used for adjusting the steering hub column in a forward-backward direction; and the pneumatic switch is used for controlling adjusting functions of the steering hub column in both the up-and-down direction and the forward-backward direction to be opened or closed. According to the pneumatic adjustable steering hub column structure, the steering hub column can be adjusted in both the up-and-down direction and the forward-backward direction to satisfy a requirement that drivers with different body shapes can adjust the steering hub column to the optimal driving positions; and the pneumatic adjustable steering hub column structure adopts one-key button pneumatic controlled adjustment; and compared with the traditional bolt fixed adjustment, the one-key button pneumatic controlled adjustment is simple and labor-saving to operate.