A cell array computing system and a testing method thereof are provided. The cell array computing system comprises: a main control CPU, a cell array and a cell array bus; the cell array is a two-dimensional or three-dimensional array composed of more than one cells with both computing and storage functions, and each cell comprises a microprocessor and a non-volatile random access memory; each cell stores its respective position in the cell array as an ID for software or hardware in the cell to read; the main control CPU is communicated with each cell in the cell array through the cell array bus; the cell array reserves more than one redundant cells, and the redundant cell is used as a corresponding replacement cell for the damaged cell when any of the other cells in the cell array are identified as a damaged cell; and the cell array and the cell array bus are integrated on one chip. According to the system and method provided by the present invention, the communication bottleneck existing between the CPU, and the memory and the storage in the existing computer architecture can be overcome, the overall performance of the computing system is enhanced, and the product yield is improved.