The invention discloses a test system of the performance of a servo driver of a novel industrial robot. The test system comprises a bearing substrate, a work bench, a control circuit, an oscilloscope, a detection bin, an irradiation heating device, a refrigerating unit, a wind sending machine, a wind opening, an operation key, a display, a servo motor and a load. The work bench is connected with the upper end face of the bearing substrate. The oscilloscope, the detection bin, the operation key, the display, the servo motor and the load are installed on the upper surface of the work bench through guide rails. The wind opening and the irradiation heating device are arranged in/on the inner surface of the detection bin. The control circuit, the refrigerating unit and the wind sending machine are embedded in bearing cavities respectively. A test method comprises steps of device assembling, normal temperature detection, high temperature detection and low temperature detection. According to the invention, the test system is simple in structure, highly universal and operable, high in data detection precision, capable of carrying out simulation detection on operation parameters of the servo driver in all kinds of operation states and high in simulation degree; and the detection results is remarkably similar to actual operation conditions.