The invention relates to the field of underneath pass interchange bridge engineering design and construction, in particular to a slide way structure capable of preventing jacking caisson body deviation and a construction method of the slide way structure capable of preventing jacking caisson body deviation. The slide way structure capable of preventing jacking caisson body deviation is characterized in that the slide way structure comprises at least one steel caisson with an opening in the top, the steel caisson sinks below a working foundation pit bottom plate where a caisson body is jacked, the top face of the steel caisson is flush with the surface of the working foundation pit bottom plate, the steel caisson is located at the front end of the working foundation pit bottom plate, the steel caisson is filled with filling bodies through the opening in the top, the opening in the top is sealed through a steel plate, bottom sealing concrete is cast in the bottom of the steel caisson in place, the caisson body is jacked on the top face of the steel caisson, and the steel caisson is used for preventing the caisson body from being moved up and down in the jacking process. The slide way structure has the advantages that caisson body deviation can be effectively prevented in the jacking process, jacking construction time can be shortened, the construction difficulty can be lowered, and the engineering quality can be improved.