The invention relates to the technical field of novel compound materials, and relates to an aluminum bamboo compound material and a preparation method. The compound material adopts the technical scheme of a lightweight aluminum bamboo/carbon composite material, and is characterized by comprising an aluminum plate layer and a bamboo sheet layer, wherein the aluminum plate layer and the bamboo sheetlayer are compounded in a single layer way, a multi-layer way or a multi-layer longitude and latitude compounding way, and is formed through vacuum sintering. The preparation method is characterizedby comprising the following steps: processing the bamboo sheet layer and the aluminum plate layer; compounding in a single layer way, a multi-layer way or a multi-layer longitude and latitude compounding way; performing vacuum sintering. The compound material effectively reduces the weight of an aluminum matrix composite material, and is good in mechanical interaction force and wide in application; the preparation method is simple, the technical operation flow is simple, investment capital for equipment is less, and the cost is low.