The invention relates to a high-efficiency brake mining transport vehicle, comprising frame, power plant and braking device. The braking device comprises a rim, a shell, an oil injection port, a piston and a brake disc. The shell comprises outer shell and inner shell. The cavity between the inner shell and the outer shell is communicated with the oil injection port and is provided with a piston which can move in the axial direction. A step is arranged on the piston, a pressure cavity is formed between the step and the outer shell, the pressure cavity is communicated with the oil injection port, and the piston is provided with a plurality of blind holes on the side of the gland, a spring is arranged between the blind hole and the gland and the brake plate is arranged at the front end of thepiston. The braking plate comprises the static brake piece and dynamic braking piece. The spring is a hollow spring, sealed at both ends and filled with oil in the middle. A heating device is arranged around the spring. The higher the heating temperature of the heating device, the greater the spring strength and the greater the braking force; The smaller the vehicle speed, the lower the heating temperature, accordingly the smaller spring strength and the smaller braking force; The size of the braking force can be regulated automatically according to the vehicle speed.