The invention relates to a precision reference transfer method. The method includes the following steps that: S1, a transmission path connecting the inside and outside of an spacecraft cabin is obtained according to the design scheme of the spacecraft cabin; S2, a reference transfer structure for transferring a first precision reference is designed according to the first precision reference in thespacecraft cabin and the transmission path; and S3, an accurate measurement optical path is built on the first precision reference, the reference transfer structure, and the spacecraft cabin on the basis of the transmission path. With the method of the invention adopted, the first precision reference can be directly transferred to a position where the accurate measurement optical path of cubic mirrors of a side wall can arrive; the first precision reference and a structure reference outside the cabin can be directly made to perform relative relationship accurate measurement under a state thatthe side wall and large bottom of the spacecraft cabin are closed, and therefore, the accuracy of accurate measurement results can be ensured, and error accumulation in an indirect measurement mode can be avoided.