The invention relates to a test bed for testing the fatigue damage of a driving motor of a high speed train and a use method of test bed. The test bed comprises a motor mounting device, a transmissiondevice, a loading device, a vibration application device and a temperature control device. The vibration condition of the train in the driving process is simulated by virtue of vibration applied to the directions X, Y and Z, and meanwhile, a temperature control tank is controlled to change the temperature in the test bed according to the requirements in the operation process of the test bed, so that the fatigue damage condition of the driving motor is tested under the variation conditions of current loading state, vibration and temperature. The invention provides a brand new testing measure for testing the fatigue damage of the driving motor, and the environmental conditions in the actual operation process of the high speed train are truly simulated by virtue of vibration and loading simulation manners designed in a brand new manner, so that the cost of the fatigue test bed is effectively lowered, the excellent performance of the test bed is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost is effectively lowered.