The invention belongs to the technical field of graphene material preparation, in particular to a preparation method of an enhanced artificial graphene material. The method comprises the steps that preprocessing is conducted on short fibers, the processed short cut carbon fibers are added into a melted binding agent asphalt to be stirred fast, and the short cut carbon fiber is uniformly distributed into a monofilament state; the binding agent asphalt dispersed with the carbon fibers is put into a kneading pot to conduct kneading stirring together with coke particles prepared according to a formula, finally mixed slurry is added into an extruder to prepare raw products by extruding, and the carbon fiber enhanced artificial graphene material is obtained by graphitizing through roasting and soaking under an appropriate temperature. The artificial graphene material prepared by means of the method has the advantages of high anti-bending strength, high pressure resisting strength, low resistance rate and low heat expanding coefficient.