The invention discloses an electro-aluminothermic smelting method for vanadium-aluminium alloy. The electro-aluminothermic smelting method for the vanadium-aluminium alloy comprises an ignition process, a concurrent heating process and an air exhausting process; the ignition process comprises the steps of conducting ignition reaction under the conditions that the voltage is 139-160V and the electric current is 3800-4200A and cutting power after complete ignition reaction; the concurrent heating process comprises the steps of adjusting the voltage to 139-210V, adjusting the electric current to3900-4500A for reaction and entering the air exhausting stage after complete reaction; the air exhausting process comprises the steps of adjusting the voltage to 121-139V, reducing the electric current of the concurrent heating process by stages and cutting power after the electric current is reduced to 1500A and below to complete smelting. According to the method, the reaction process of smeltingthe vanadium-aluminium alloy by the electro-aluminothermic method is controlled by the function of different voltage and electric current, so that gas generated in the alloy is exhausted from the alloy in time, the problems of product oxidation and slag inclusion during smelting are effectively avoided and the product quality of the vanadium-aluminium alloy is improved.