The invention discloses a pump control device of a hydraulic braking system, comprising a main circuit for receiving electric energy input and supplying power to a motor driving an oil pump; A main circuit comprise a fuse module and a switch tube driving module; Current sampling means for detecting an output current of the main circuit; A controller connected to both the current sampling device and the main circuit, At that time of receive the start signal, A switch transistor drive module is controlled to be in a working state, When the start signal is not received, the switch tube driving module is controlled to be in a non-operating state, and is further configured to receive a current output from the current sampling device, and when the duration of the received current exceeding the second current threshold reaches a first duration, the switch tube driving module is controlled to be in a non-operating state so as to stop the main circuit from supplying power to the motor. Applyingthe scheme of the invention, the fault protection of the motor in the train braking system is realized. The invention also discloses a hydraulic braking system, which has corresponding technical effects.