The invention provides a test device for light emission sub-modules, which can reduce the test cost of light emission sub-modules by 80% and reduce the test cycle by more than half and is convenient to operate, reliable in performance and stable in transmission. The test device includes a test base. An upper bump is arranged on the test base. A horizontal plug-in mounting slot is arranged on the upper pump. A test module is mounted in a plug-in mode in the horizontal plug-in mounting slot. The test module is internally equipped with a drive system, an amplification system and a control management system. The exposed part of the test module includes a transfer jumper interface and a transfer signal line interface. A test platform is arranged on the upper end face of the upper bump. The testplatform is used for clamping a light emission sub-module under test. The exposed end face of the test module further includes corresponding indicator lamps.