The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring a circuit board deformation degree. The device comprises an equipment platform, an electronic distance measuring instrument, a control module, a plurality of thimbles and a plurality of fixing pressing blocks, wherein the plurality of thimbles are vertically installed on the equipment platform and are used for being contact with positioning points on a circuit board so as to bear the circuit board; the amounts and the positions of the fixing pressing blocks correspond to the thimbles; the fixing pressing blocks are used for applying force to the position where each positioning point is positioned on the circuit board so as to enable the circuit board to be pressed on the thimbles; the output end of the electronic distance measuring instrument is connected with the input end of the control module; and the control module is used for processing the measurement data of the electronic distance measuring instrument to calculate thecircuit board deformation degree. The equipment disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and stable performance, is easy in being implemented through automation, can be suitable for various circuit boards of different structures, and can be widely applied to the technical field of printed circuit boards.