The invention provides a preparation technology of a powder metallurgy Ni-Al-based high-temperature friction material. According to the technology, Ni powder and Al powder are mixed uniformly according to a certain proportion, a small amount of lubricating components MoS2 powder and graphite powder, reinforcing components Cr powder and Mn powder, and friction components SiC and CeO2 are added, anda hot-pressed sintering method of powder metallurgy is utilized for preparing the Ni-Al-based friction material. The friction material with good comprehensive performance and relatively low price isobtained, the friction material has stable friction coefficient and low wear rate within the range from the room temperature to 1000 DEG C, the friction material is applied to the field of high-temperature friction materials, the needs of the domestic market can be met, meanwhile, the production cost is also reduced, the application range of Ni-Al high-temperature alloys is further widened, and high social value and economic value are possessed. The preparation method is simple, low in cost and high in controllability.