The invention discloses a droop control-based distribution composite energy storage synergic control method. A controller comprises primary control and secondary voltage recovery control of virtual impedance droop control, wherein the virtual impedance droop control comprises virtual resistance and virtual capacitance droop control, high- and low-frequency power allocation can be automatically performed on a storage battery and a supercapacitor, the secondary voltage recovery control is divided to distributed bus voltage recovery control, an average voltage level reaches a rated value by communication between adjacent storage batteries, and recovery of a voltage of the supercapacitor is achieved by discrete supercapacitor end voltage recovery control so that enough electric quantity is maintained to handle with the next transient process. The high- and low-frequency power allocation between the storage batteries and the supercapacitor can be achieved without communication, bus voltagerecovery and supercapacitor end voltage recovery are achieved under a sparse communication network, the communication demand is effectively reduced, and the flexibility, the robustness and the expandability of the system are improved.