In the present stage, the manual cleaning manner is still adopted for cleaning of surplus objects of fuel storage boxes in China, and in other words, in the storage box horizontal state, operation personnel wears protection clothes to enter the boxes to conduct surplus object cleaning. A jet flow and ultrasonic cleaning system for spacecraft storage box surplus objects is provided. The cleaning system comprises a cleaning device and a surplus object detection device. An opening and closing structure of the cleaning device is provided with a jet flow sprayer and an ultrasonic vibrator assembly.Jet flow nozzles are arranged on the upper end face, the lower end face and the outer surface of the cleaning device in the annular spiral line direction. A liquid level sensor is arranged above thecleaning device. The cleaning device is further provided with a flexible waterproof limiting switch for preventing collisions of the cleaning device and the storage boxes, and when the cleaning systemworks, the manner of jet flow and the manner of ultrasonic waves are adopted for alternated cleaning. When cleaning liquid is discharged, surplus object sampling, drying and detecting are conducted.