The invention provides a system and a method for an intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle to grab a target for a high-risk environment. By combining the unmanned aerial vehicle technology, the image processing technology and some mechanical technologies, the unmanned aerial vehicle is applied to foreign matter cleaning work in a high-risk environment. Meanwhile, a plurality of sensors are utilized,and a simultaneous positioning and mapping algorithm, a target detection algorithm and a target positioning algorithm are adopted, so that accurate detection, accurate positioning and stable grabbingof an interested target are realized. Compared with a traditional manual foreign matter cleaning method, the provided method is high in automation degree, high in efficiency and high in safety coefficient and can be widely applied to foreign matter cleaning work in a high-risk environment.