The invention discloses a geopolymer pulp initial setting and final setting time testing device and method. A testing cup body is utilized as an experimental cavity of geopolymer pulp and passes through a testing cup fixing device, the testing cup fixing device is used for fixing the testing cup body, an initial setting scale line and a sample liquid level line are arranged on the outer side of the testing cup body, and the horizontal plane where the sample liquid level line is located is parallel to the bottom face of the testing cup body; equal-volume spaces are utilized, through the V-shaped structure plane of the closed space formed between the plane where the initial setting scale line is located and the inner wall of the testing cup body and the plane where the initial setting scaleline is located, the geopolymer pulp liquidity difference change is accurately measured, the sensitivity is high, the measuring range is wide, and operation is easy; and meanwhile, the geopolymer pulpinitial setting and final setting time testing device can be used for representing the geopolymer pulp viscosity, liquidity and pumpable time performance, and the testing device and method are simpleand have guiding significance for evaluating the geopolymer pulp initial setting and final setting time.