The invention belongs to a target tracking technology, and provides a vector field-based rapid standoff tracking method aiming at the problem that a single carrier needs to be separated from a targetby a certain distance and continuously track the target. Considering the condition that the traditional guidance method based on the vector field is slow in convergence to the tracking circle, a new guidance function is constructed to replace the original guidance parameters, and the convergence speed is effectively improved. Considering the performance constraint of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the parameters in the guidance function are determined by using an off-line searching method, so that the fastest convergence speed is reached and stable tracking can be directly formed on a stanoff circle, and the problem that stable convergence is achieved after repeated fluctuation is avoided. In addition, two solutions are provided for a standoff tracking scene of the moving target, and different solutions and guidance functions can be selected according to task requirements in actual application.