The invention discloses a rack rail wheel driving device. The device comprises a wheel pair, a rack rail wheel and a driving device for driving the rack rail wheel to rotate, and the driving device isprovided with an output shaft; the rack rail wheel is fixed on the output shaft, and the output shaft is arranged in parallel with the axle of the wheel pair; the driving device is provided with a gear box which is provided with an output shaft in a holding mode, the wheel pair is provided with an axle holding box which is provided with an axle in a holding mode, the gear box and the axle holdingbox are detachably connected with a first adjusting mechanism which is used for adjusting the relative height between the central axis of the output shaft and the central axis of the axle. After thewheel is abraded, the height of the rack rail wheel is reduced, only the connection of the gear box and the axle box needs to be removed, and the height of the rack rail wheel relative to the height of the wheel pair can be raised by replacing the first adjusting mechanism. Compared with the prior art, the structure is simple, disassembly and adjustment are convenient, the replacement period and the service life of the wheel are prolonged, and the operation efficiency of a rack rail car is greatly improved.