The invention provides a preparation method of an in-situ synthesis low-pressure cold spraying aluminum bronze coating. The preparation method comprises the following steps that Al powder, Fe powder,Al2O3 powder, Mn powder, Zn powder and Cu powder are uniformly mixed to obtain powder for cold spraying, and then are subject to low-pressure cold spraying on the surface of a matrix so as to obtain amixed powder coating, and induction remelting in-situ synthesis is performed to obtain the aluminum bronze alloy coating. The method comprises the following steps that 1, the cold spraying powder coats a substrate by using low-pressure cold spraying technology to obtain the mixed powder coating; 2, induction remelting in-situ synthesis is performed on the mixed powder coating, so that the aluminum bronze alloy coating is obtained; 3, after induction remelting, the alloying reaction is sufficient, and the microstructure of the mixed powder coating is changed from pure metal to alloy tissue alpha phase, beta phase, gamma 2 phase and [AlFe] phase, so that the aluminum bronze alloy coating is formed, the aluminum bronze alloy coating is compact in structure and low in porosity, the thicknessof the coating of the aluminum bronze alloy can be controlled to be 100 microns to 2 mm, the required equipment is simple, and the process is convenient.