The invention discloses an earth pressure balance shield structure with a gate anti-spewing structure and a shield method. The structure comprises a cutterhead, a front shield, a main drive, a middleshield, a shield tail, a thrust cylinder and a spiral conveyor, wherein the thrust cylinder is propped against the front end surface of a tube piece; a soil cabin is arranged at the back of the cutterhead; the main drive is arranged at the back of the soil cabin; an opening is formed in the lower part of the soil cabin; a rotating shaft of the spiral conveyor is arranged at the lower part of the soil cabin; the spiral conveyor is arranged in an inclined manner; a slag falling opening of the spiral conveyor is provided with an upper gate mechanism and a lower gate mechanism; residue soil fallsonto a belt of a belt machine system through the upper gate mechanism and the lower gate mechanism; the upper gate mechanism is provided with an upper gate plate, a first slag falling opening and an anti-spewing slag falling opening; and the lower gate mechanism is provided with a lower gate plate and a second slag falling opening. The dilute slag passing area is small, the residue soil spewing amount is small, and the belt in operation can be effectively conveyed. The anti-spewing structure of an earth pressure balance spiral conveyor gate solves the spewing problem more directly and effectively, and has large popularization prospect.