The invention discloses a power optimization scheduling-based microgrid energy storage system state consistency control method, which belongs to the technical field of control of the microgrid energystorage system. The method adopts time-of-use price, new energy prediction output and energy storage unit battery pack state of energy SOE to determine an energy storage unit operation strategy on thebasis of considering energy storage charge and discharge efficiency and ensuring system active power balance, and considers an energy storage unit battery pack state of energy SOE imbalance problem and time-varying energy storage unit power charge and discharge bearing capability SOP, and a microgrid energy storage system power balance model is built; and besides, through a consistency protocol,energy storage units SOH and SOE are ensured to be consistent, the application performance of the energy storage unit in the energy storage system is improved, the overall charge and discharge times of the energy storage system is effectively reduced, and the service life is improved.