The invention discloses a vehicle data recording and fault diagnosis device. The device comprises a processor, a MVB network card and a data storage device. The processor is connected to the MVB network card and the data storage device. The MVB network card is connected to a vehicle bus and collects vehicle data through the vehicle bus. The vehicle data includes driver operation data, fault data,and event data. The processor is used to acquire the vehicle data collected by the MVB network card and generate fault diagnosis data according to the vehicle data, and sends the vehicle data and thefault diagnosis data to the data storage device for storage. In the prior art, a method of analyzing and diagnosing faults by a data recorder is tedious and inconvenient. In the invention, the above technical problem is solved.