The invention relates to a crawler inspection robot suitable for an overhead power transmission line. The crawler inspection robot includes a walking mechanism, a synchronization mechanism, a power system and a monitoring system. Walking power is provided for the walking mechanism, the walking mechanism moves on a power transmission line, and the synchronization mechanism is used to synchronize rotation of the power system; the monitoring system is used to monitor the conditions on the power transmission line, send information back to the control station, receive the information sent from thecontrol station, and adjust the motion of the inspection robot via control over the power system. The inspection robot disclosed in the invention is simple in structure, low in space occupancy rate, stable in structure, and high in safety; line patrol work can be safely and stably completed on a heavy grade line.