The invention relates to a pulse heating-based battery durability testing method, a pulse heating-based battery durability testing system and a data table generation method. According to the battery pulse heating-based durability testing method, a to-be-tested battery is placed in a temperature box; and the temperature of the temperature box is set to be a first temperature. Pulse heating is performed on the lithium ion battery under a first pulse parameter until a pulse heating duration reaches a preset pulse lasting duration. The temperature of the temperature box is adjusted to be a secondtemperature, the capacity attenuation value of the to-be-tested battery is obtained under the second temperature, and then the durability of the to-be-tested battery is obtained. Before the capacity attenuation value of the to-be-tested battery is tested, continuous pulse heating is carried out; after heating is carried out for a period of time, the temperature rise and heat dissipation of the battery reach stable values, the temperature will not rise continuously; and the pulse heating does not need long-time low-temperature standing. Therefore, a lot of test time is saved, a test period is shortened, and meanwhile, the influence of the temperature of the battery on the durability of the battery can be verified through a lot of experiments.