The invention provides a launch section vibration attenuation and orbital section vibration isolation integrated load supporting device which can realize the variable stiffness requirements of high stiffness and high damping in a launch section and low stiffness and low damping in an orbit section, can realize launch section vibration attenuation and orbital section vibration isolation function integration and meanwhile has the very high reliability. The launch section vibration attenuation and orbital section vibration isolation integrated load supporting device comprises a load platform, a vibration isolation module and a connection support module. The upper and lower ends of the vibration isolation module are connected to the load platform and the connection support module, the vibration isolation module is of a closed parallel structure, and the requirements of the launch section for the large load and the high reliability of the mechanical environments can be realized. Meanwhile,symmetrical and inclined support design is adopted, the three-dimensional equal stiffness and equal fundamental frequency function in a space coordinate system is achieved, and the good stability is achieved. By bidirectionally adjusting the compression of a gel vibration isolation component, the variable stiffness design requirements are met, and the strong adaptability to the complex space mechanical environments is achieved. The supporting device is light in weight, small in size, simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and broad in application prospect.