The invention discloses a novel buffer structure based on a bionic principle. The novel buffer structure comprises a plurality of rigid plates and a plurality of sandwich layers. Every two adjacent rigid plates are connected through the sandwich layer. Each sandwich layer comprises a plurality of elastic elements and a plurality of viscous elements. The elastic element provides rigidity, and the viscous element provides rigidity and damping. Through designing and customizing multiple layers of elastic elements and damping elements, the buffer performance of the novel buffer structure is achieved, theoretical derivation of rigidity and damping of the novel buffer structure is given based on series-parallel connection theoretical analysis of the elastic element and the damping element, thenthe buffer structure is designed by adopting the novel buffer structure design platform, the distribution rule of the rigidity and the damping of the buffer structure is given, and model selection ofthe buffer structure is facilitated.