The invention discloses a 3D printed pharmaceutical composition containing levetiracetam and a preparation method of the 3D printed pharmaceutical composition. The pharmaceutical composition is prepared from 80%-96% of the levetiracetam, 2%-10% of a disintegrating agent and 1.5%-5% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The pharmaceutical composition disclosed by the invention is high in API content and contains few auxiliary materials, the maximum pharmaceutical dosage can be realized, the volume and size of a unit composition are small, surface defects of preparations are few, and the pharmaceutical composition is easy to take orally, high in hardness, low in friability and capable of being conveniently stored and transported; and according to the preparation method, a 3D extrusion printing(pressure extrusion printing) process is adopted, the prepared product is high in drug loading capacity and small in size, and the preparation method is simple in process, low in production cost, highin raw material utilization rate and suitable for personalized production and personalized drug delivery.