The utility model discloses a real-time coal consumption on-line monitoring system for energy-saving dispatch of a power grid, which comprises a factory station data acquisition system, a factory station business platform, a data exchange platform and a master station data-processing system, wherein the factory station data acquisition system is connected with a factory station SIS (Strategic Information System) system and is used for collecting the real time data of the operation condition of the production equipment; the factory station business platform is connected with the factory station data acquisition system, comprises a computation module and a business module and is used for receiving the data collected by the factory station data acquisition system and sending the collected data to the data exchange platform; the data exchange platform is connected with the factory station business platform and the master station data-processing system and is used for the data transmission between the factory station business platform and the master station data center; and the master station data-processing system is connected with the data exchange platform and is used for receiving the data sent by the data exchange platform and dealing with the data. The real-time coal consumption on-line monitoring system for energy-saving dispatch of the power grid takes the SIS system as a collecting object, the data obtaining of a dispatching center can be ensured, and the safety influence cannot happen to the DCS (Data Communication System) of the unit.