Disclosed in the utility model is a trail tail communication system of a ten-thousand-ton combined train. The ten-thousand-ton combined train comprises a leading locomotive and a plurality of slave locomotives. The trail tail communication system includes a first radio station, a second radio station, a third radio station, and a control device. Specifically, the first radio station is used to execute a trial tail query operation and has a fixed query frequency. The second radio station is used for proving a pilot signal. The third radio station is used to realize communication between the leading locomotive and the plurality of slave locomotives as well as among the plurality of slave locomotives and has a plurality of different preset communication frequencies. And the control device, which is connected with the first radio station, the second radio station, and the third radio station, is used for receiving a locomotive sequence number of the leading locomotive, dividing the locomotive sequence number and the number of the preset communication frequencies to obtain a remainder, determining a preset communication frequency corresponding to the remainder as the communication frequency of the leading locomotive, and adjusting the communication frequency of the third radio station to the determined communication frequency to carry out communication. Therefore, a problem of mutual interference of the communication and trail tail querying can be solved.