The utility model discloses a bolt capturing apparatus for explosive release and an explosive-release capture system. The bolt capturing apparatus comprises a connecting bolt (1), a protective cover (2), a flat gasket (3) and a shock pad (4). The protective cover (2) is provided with an installation part and an upwardly raised protection part. The installation part is provided with an installation hole. The installation part and the protection part are integrally formed as a whole. The connecting bolt (1) passes through the flat gasket (3), the shock pad (4) and the installation hole to be fixed onto an explosive release apparatus. The upper surface of the protection part is positioned above a to-be-captured bolt. The bolt capturing apparatus for explosive release and the explosive-release capture system have the advantages of small size, simple structure, high efficiency and good impact resistance, and realize the reliable capture of a bolt head after the explosive release process.