The utility model provides an anti-falling and anti-collision structure of a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle. The anti-falling and anti-collision device comprises an anti-falling and anti-collision shell (1) and a base (2), a rotor wing rod (3) is connected to the base (2); a motor and a rotor wing (4) are arranged at the other end of the rotor wing rod (3); a pesticide application rod joint sleeve (8) is arranged at the lower part of the base (2); one end of the pesticide application rod (5) is connected to the pesticide application rod connector sleeve (8), the other end of the pesticide application rod (5) is connected to the anti-falling and anti-collision shell (1) after being turned to be parallel and connected through screws (7), and the anti-falling and anti-collision shell (1) enables the base (2), the rotor wing rod (3) and the rotor wing (4) to be contained inside the pesticide application rod. According to the utility model, the main body part of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is contained in the anti-falling and anti-collision shell (1), so that the main body, the rotor wings and the spray head of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle areall located in the protection of the anti-falling and anti-collision shell (1).