The disclosure provides a Raman spectrum detection apparatus and a method of monitoring detection security thereof. The method includes: emitting excited light by a light source and guiding the excited light to a sample; collecting a light signal generated by the sample under irradiation of the excited light and generating spectrum data representing the light signal; determining a first part representing an excited light component of the light signal and a second part representing a Raman scattered component and a fluorescence component of the light signal, of the spectrum data; calculating a first parameter representing an amplitude of spectral intensity, and a second parameter representing a fluctuation of spectral intensity, of each of the first and second parts; comparing the first parameters, and comparing the second parameters, of the first and second parts; and determining whether or not the sample is a deep-colored substance based on comparison results.