A method for forming a perforated membrane includes providing a mold having at least a first set of a plurality of rods extending to at least a first height from a base of the mold, introducing a curable material into the mold in an amount such that a height of the curable material from the base of the mold is less than or equal to the first height so that the first set of the plurality of rods are within the curable material and extend to or past the height of the curable material in the mold, curing the curable material, dissolving the first set of the plurality of rods to thereby form perforations in the cured material and removing the cured material having the perforations from the mold.