A feedback information transmission method, a base station, and user equipment are provided. The feedback information transmission method includes: receiving, by a base station, uplink data separately sent by a plurality of user equipments (UEs); determining, by the base station, feedback information for uplink data sent by each of the plurality of UEs, where the feedback information indicates an acknowledgement (ACK) or a negative acknowledgement (NACK); and transmitting, by the base station by using one control channel, a plurality of pieces of feedback information respectively corresponding to the uplink data sent by the plurality of UEs.