A combined workpiece holder and calibration profile configuration (CWHACPC) is provided for integration into a surface profile measurement system. The CWHACPC may comprise at least a first calibration profile portion and a workpiece holding portion that holds a workpiece in a stable position during measurement. The first calibration profile portion comprises a plurality of reference surface regions that have known reference surface z heights or z height differences relative to one another. The first calibration profile portion and the workpiece holding portion are configured to fit within a profile scan path range of the surface profile measurement system, such that the surface profile measurement system can acquire measured surface profile data for the first calibration profile portion and the workpiece during a single pass along the profile scan path. The acquired surface profile data for the reference surface regions may be used to indicate and/or correct certain errors.