The present application relates to a heating control method and a heating control device for a battery structure, and a battery system. The heating control method includes steps of: S10, detecting a temperature value T of the battery structure; S20, judging whether the temperature value T meets a first heating condition, if yes, going to step S30; S30, controlling a positive electrode terminal to be connected with a negative electrode terminal to form short circuit, so as to heat the battery structure using heat generated by a short circuit current. When the first condition is met, the positive and negative terminals are connected to form short circuit, the heat generated by the short circuit current rapidly dissipates in the battery structure, so that the battery structure can be heated rapidly, which decreases the difference between internal and external temperature of the battery structure when adopting conventional heat conduction method.