An object of the present invention is to provide a material from which a golf ball having excellent resilience and durability can be obtained. The present invention provides a golf ball resin composition containing: (A) at least one member selected from the group consisting of a polyamide, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, a partially saponified product of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and a polyvinyl alcohol, (B) at least one resin component selected from the group consisting of (b-1) a binary copolymer composed of an olefin and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, (b-2) a metal ion-neutralized product of a binary copolymer composed of an olefin and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, (b-3) a ternary copolymer composed of an olefin, an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid having 3 to 8 carbon atoms and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester, and (b-4) a metal ion-neutralized product of a ternary copolymer composed of an olefin, an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid having 3 to 8 carbon atoms and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester, and (C) a fatty acid metal salt having 18 or less carbon atoms.