Disclosed is a method for synthesizing antioxidant materials based on transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) compounds and a technology of preparing a composition using the same. The monolayer TMDs functionalized with an amphiphilic block polymer compound and which is stably dispersed in an aqueous solution are prepared by two methods. The thus prepared monolayer TMDs were proven to exhibit excellent and sustained antioxidant effects and excellent stability to light and heat.