A data scheduling method and customer premises equipment are provided. The customer premises equipment stores, in a first queue, received service data that is sent from a first network to a second network. Test data is generated that is to be sent from the first network to the second network. The test data is stored in a second queue. The customer premises equipment preferentially schedules the service data in the first queue to be in a third queue and in response to determining that a rate at which the service data is received is lower than a preset limit rate, schedules the test data in the second queue to be in the third queue to reach the limit rate. The service data and/or the test data in the third queue is sent to the second network at the limit rate.