The present invention relates to a painless and patchless shooting microstructure, and a microstructure shooting device. According to the present invention, it is possible to inject a microstructure into the skin within the time of less than one second, and the inconvenience of waiting for the decomposition of a microstructure and removing a patch are completely overcome. A patch-type conventional technology has a problem wherein it is difficult to be applied to a region having hair, but the present invention completely overcomes this problem. According to the present invention, it is possible to precisely control the permeation depth of a microstructure into the skin by controlling discharge power.