Disclosed is a chuck disassembly and transfer device, which is composed of a telescopic cylinder, a cylinder support, a second linear guide rail, a second guide rail sliding seat, a lifting support, a chuck, a lifting chain, a lifting cylinder and the like, wherein the cylinder support and the second linear guide rail are fixed on the frame, the lifting support is connected with the second linear guide rail via the second guide rail sliding seat, and the telescopic cylinder is capable of driving the lifting support and the chuck to move horizontally along the second linear guide rail; the lifting cylinder is fixed on the lifting support, the chuck is connected with an output shaft of the lifting cylinder via the lifting chain, and the lifting cylinder is capable of driving the chuck to move vertically.