A data transmission method, a resource scheduling method, a terminal, and a network-side device are provided. The data transmission method includes: sending, to a network-side device, an operating band information list supported by the terminal and capability indication information indicating whether the terminal supports simultaneous data sending and receiving on an operating band in the operating band information list, where the operating band information list is used by the network-side device to determine an actual operating band of the terminal, and the capability indication information is used by the network-side device to determine a scheduling strategy for the terminal; and performing, when the terminal has a data service requirement, data transmission based on the actual operating band determined by the network-side device and including the at least one pair of an uplink and a downlink frequency range, and scheduling information corresponding to the scheduling strategy determined by the network-side device.