An aseptic filling machine and an aseptic filling method are provided with which a petaloid-shape bottle or an unstable bottle is filled with sterilized content and sealed with a sterilized cap in an aseptic atmosphere is discharged without a delay from an aseptic zone to a non-aseptic zone and even if the petaloid-shape bottle or the unstable bottle falls over on a discharging conveyor when being discharged from the aseptic zone to the non-aseptic zone, a stopping time of the aseptic filling machine is shortened by providing a barrier chamber into which air containing a gas of a sterilizer is supplied and a discharge portion chamber that shields discharge portions that are provided downstream of the sealing portion that fills the content into the bottle and seals the bottle with the cap.