The present disclosure provides a retransmission activating/deactivating method, a base station, a user equipment and a device. The method includes: determining a correspondence relationship between a bearer which is allowed for retransmission under the first base station and a bit of a preset field of media access control (MAC) control element (CE) of the first base station for activating/deactivating retransmission; where the preset field is used to indicate activation/deactivation retransmission of the bearer which is allowed for retransmission; and, when determining to activate/deactivate retransmission of the bearer which is allowed for retransmission under the first base station, populating, by the first base station, the bit, which is in the preset field of the MAC CE for activating/deactivating retransmission and corresponding to the bearer, thereby generating the MAC CE for activating/deactivating retransmission, and transmitting to the UE the generated MAC CE for activating/deactivating retransmission.