A system includes a quantum processor includes a plurality of qubits. For each qubit, there is a circulator operative to receive a control signal and an output signal from the qubit. An isolator is coupled to an output of the circulator. A quantum-limited amplifier is coupled to an output of the isolator and configured to provide an output of the qubit. A multiplexor (MUX) is configured to frequency multiplex the outputs of at least two of the plurality of qubits as a single output of the quantum processor.