A method for preparing products by electrochemical reductive amination and simultaneous oxidation of aldehyde-based biomass using non-precious metal catalysts is provided, which relates to a field of electrocatalysis. The preparing method includes: performing an electrochemical reaction in an electrolytic system with room temperature and atmospheric pressure (at a range of 25° C. to 30° C., 101 kPa) by taking an aldehyde compound and an amine compound as raw materials for reductive amination and oxidation of aldehyde-based biomass, and thereby obtaining the products. The electrolytic system includes a reaction substrate, an electrolyte, a solvent, an anode and a cathode. The anode is a phosphorylated hydrotalcite catalyst and the cathode is a Ti-based catalyst. The method uses no external oxidants and precious metal catalysts, which is clean, environmental and efficient.