A multi-modal field-programmable metamorphic sensor is provided. The metamorphic sensor has a multi-layer structure, including an upper electrode layer, a spacer layer, and a lower electrode layer. At least one of the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer is a sensor A. The spacer layer is disposed between the electrode layers. A sensor B is formed through forming a structure of electrode layer-spacer layer-electrode layer structure. When detecting an object, the measurement of different physical quantities of different objects is implemented through switching between the sensor A and the sensor B. The sensor serves as a single cell. Multiple single cells are combined to form a multi-cell sensor. A signal acquisition system for acquiring signal of the sensor is also provided.